Varible-speed gearing.



G. POLLARD.

v-VARIABLE SPEED (EARlNG. f APPLICATION FILED AUG. 1B. 1915.

1,217,059. Patented Feb. 20, 1911?.`

5 SHEETS-SHEET `l.

A je

l H T n @NEI/5 G. PGLLAHD.

VARIABLE SPEED GEARING APPLICATION FILED AUG.18. 19MB.

Patented Feb. 20, 1917.

l Fay/1Q.

G. POLLARD.

VARABLE SPEED G EARING. APPLlcmoN FILED AuG.|s.1915.

1,217,059. Patented M120, 1917.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

/fvrvf/v raf? Generis Flu/.Hna

grvfnramm,

G. PULLARD.

Y VARIABLE SPEED (BEARING. i I APPLICATION FILED AUG. I8, 1915. y'1,217,059. Patented Feb.20,1917.

5 SHEETS--SHEET 4.

G. POLLA'RD.

VARIABLE SPEED HEARING. APPLlcArloN f lLfn AUG. 18. 1915.

1,217,059. Patented 4Feb. 20, 1917 5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

'I Gnoien yroLLARD, or PICQADLLLY, LoNDoN, ENGLAND,

i l SYNDICATE LIMITED, or LONDON, ENGLAND. Y

UNITED STATES PATENT oFFIoE.

ABSIGNOR T MENCOHELMA Veltman-SPEED GEARING.

@.Z'a allfwhom t may concern t Beit known that l, Groen Pennino, aSubjectofthe King of Great Britain, residingetl 8 Clarges street,Piccadilly, in the county `of, London, England, have invented rnew andAuseful Improvements in .Variablevjetspeed Gearing, Aof which thefollowing 'is n I speeifieation.- p d This invention relates tovzxriahler'speed gearing of the epcyelic spur-wheel andpinlon-ftypeand-has for* its object to provide `an improved constructionot' variable speed greening of the aforesaid'type, which gearingis1simple, eflieient and compact und in which :?tllevarious speeds canbe brought into oper- :sution by stationary, or rotatable, or bothst-tionary end' rotatable elcctro-1nagnetic fcliitehesr' i ,si Thegearinghereinafter Adescribed is con- L'.-str'uoted and-arranged to forma; single unit 'feindtiscontaincd within asingle gear-box, ifiwhichmaybe `divided longitudinally, or transversely or4 both longitudinally and:transversely and which 'gea-r is adaptedto `lgiyte-1t\\foor moreforward geel-edspeeds i sind: ai reverse speed the number offer-wargeared-speeds" being dependent lon the numf i'bei'ofi;sunwheels, thenumber of electrojfniegnetic clutchesand the arrangement of `r theplanetary system 'coperating therewith. IPGfi'il'cwvill,describe `theinvention with referto the accompanying drawings, but I doA Ynot1l`limit mysel to the construction dei' scribedland illustrated nor to thenumber of fiivvard geared speeds described with reflferiee? to theconstruction Vshown in the' :drawings as any desired number of forward Yspeedsfcan be 'obtained by increasing the iiumbr if sunwheels, or planetwheels, or 4,0 lSth-fsunwlieels and planet 4n-'hc'els and elec'-tro-Intlgneti'cv controlling clutches.

FigureslA and lSL cpnstitute a longitudinal seetion` offa variable speed'gear in accordeee'ivitlif'this-invention. VFigfQ is a lon- 'idln'alsection vonthe line ,aZr-c-f-cle, ,"fii modified' fol-1n of gearingshown '"Fig.: Bis e cross-section on'the 4, 14`ig,f2, and Fig; 4 isacross-sec niy he 11,55, Fig. 2;

,llronghout iinerhlsfindicate the' same, or similar parts. i ig. 1" ofthendravvinggthe' provided with internal the'- drawings like referenceWe retirees' ',tv; 'on

` Speciction of Letters Patent.

Patented Fel). 20, 1917.

more cylindrical czlsingsl, 2 and a casing 3, interior of thecosing 2,eilclicasin *being teeth l, 5 an and concentrirnlly arranged Vrelativelyto a toothed driving theel 7. and to a driven shaft 8. shaft S, arepreferably arrnnv'ed in alinenient `and the driving. wheel i, may beintegral with, orsecured to the driving shaft 9. The casings 1, 2, arerespectively monn'ted, on the sleeves 13, 14, on the driving shaft 9,and* the driven shaft S, and are capable of rotating independentlythereof. The casi'ngs can beretarded, or held sin- =tionary by'stationary electro-inagnctic clutches 10, 11, 12', the clutch 1U, actingon the-casing 1, the clutch 11, acting on the casing 2,- and the clutch12, acting on the cusing 3.. The casing 1,V which is supported on anannulus 15, carrying 'the internal teeth 4, is ca able of slidingaxially thereon under the in u'ence of anelectro-magnetic clutch '16, soas to cause the projections 17,' on theA casing 1, to engage therecesses 18, on the casing 2, to effect the direct drive. The casings 1,2 and 3, are arrnngedto engage one, or more than one set of toothedplanet-Wheels 19, 20, 21, respectively, these planet-Wheels beingr shown(in Fig, 1.) as formed en bloc, but if desired .the said planet-Wheels,be formed separately and 'subsequently securedtogether so as to rotateen bloc, their respective diameters being such as vto give the desiredspeeds in conjunction with the 'internally toothed casings yvith whichthey engage. Theplanet-wheels 19, 20, 21, which are preferablysymmetrically arranged `on opposite sides of the central shaft, aresupportedon spindles 22, carried at one end by radial arms, or a disk23, integral with,- or secured to the driven shaft '8, `:ind at theother end by'. radial arms, or a disk 24, projecting from the sleeve 13,which is supported hya sleeve 25; This lutter is-secured to a sun-'wheel30, and stationaryby an electro-magnetic clutch 31, tA e'iirinature 27,ofwhich, is slidably seformed on the sleeve 25.

. The-casing 1, is rovided with two disks or flanges; 33 -0 BicarriedbyfgpinS nel-11s,.

which'the disk or flange 34, slidable` in th'e an'.-

cun be retarded, or held The-driving shaft 9, and the driven may 15,kforms the' armature for the electro`- n'nlgnelie clutch 10, the disk orflange 33, forming the armature for the lelectro-mag- .netie eluteh 16.The armature 33, 1s attractwed by 'the clutch-16, when energized prefer-The central planetywheel 20, is arranged to constantly' engage thedriving wheel ,7,4 'the wheels 19 and '21, being always in gear' withthe internal teeth 4 and 6, of the .Casings 1 and 3. 35 and 36, are thearmaH tures of the electro-111 agnetic clutches 11 `and 12, thesearmatures being slidably supported by pins (suoliv as QS, .254 and 54)mounted i-n their respective earrying members.

'lhe inner casing 3, .is sleeved on the driven shaft 8,. and isindependently rotatable thereon, the lsaid easing beingrigidlyeonneot'edto the. a rn'mture 5:56, of the eleetromagnetic clutch l2.Any, or all of the easings l, Q-'and" 3 ean he retarded, ,or held'statio1'|ar \"by the eorresponding electro niagnetie olntehes l0, or1G, 11 and 'lo reverse. the direetion of 1'otatio11'ott-l1e driven'shaftvrelatively tothe driving` shaft,

the snnn'he-el 30,. is employed and 1s pref.

erablyarranged as shown o n` th e engine sido of. the drivmgwheel thissun-wheel 30,

being loosely mounted on the driving shaft .9, `and arranged to gearwith the planetwheel or planet-heels 19.

The eleetroanagnetic clutches 3 1, l0, 16, 11 and 12, are a'llstationary, Current being suppliedto each in anysnitahle manner and fromany -suitable 'source (1f-snp ily.

The aetion of the gear is as follows 'l`o obtain the first speed, whichis the lowest speed, the 'coil of the clutch 12 is energized so as toprevent the rotation oiv vthe armature B6, and thereby tl1e oasing 3,the drive. being then through the wheels' 7,"2(), 2l, and the internallytoothed easing (i. tolthe driven shaft 8. The. second speed isolierte-dhy energizing the eoil 'of the. elilteh 10, so as to prevent the.rotation of theeasing 1 the drive then being tal'ren'frmn the wheelA '7,through wheels 20, and 19, to thestationary internally toothed casing 1volvey and thereby thedriven shaft 8. The

third speed obtained by energizin the coil of the; elu'trh 11, soas toprevent the rot-ation ofthe easing 2, the drive being through the wheels7, 20, and the internally toothed easing Q,wh1ch acting as an abut-.lnent eansesthe planetary system tn revolye `eoils of the clnteh 16,.so as to canse-the easing 1. to engage the easing.r 2, thereby locklngrrthe entire. gear and ivin ajd'ire'ct driye. A The reverse drive is eeste by energmng-the elnteh i.31, so as to prevent the ftherebycausing.the-planetary system to re.

l-'ota't'ion of the wheel '30, the' ower being' then transmitted fromwhee 7,' through wheels 20, and 19, to the wheel 30, which ennses theplanetary system asa-whole to rotate in a direction opposite to that ofthe driving shaft. In order .to obtain a r1-eater' difference in thevelocity ratios of the 'various forward geared speeds the modifiedconstruction slunvnin Figs. 2, 3 and 4,' may he employed. 1n thisconstruetion, a combination of rotatable and stationary electro magneticclutches. is employed, the stationary clutches .which cooperate with thecasingsbeing the same as, or similar to, the electro.` 30 magneticelutehes 16, r'and 12, deserbed with'- l'eferenee to Fig. 1. Therotatable' electro- 1n'a, 1'rnetie.v elntehes are marked 37" and- 38,these. elntehes bein-g earried'by an annnlus S9, integral with, orseenred Ato the drivin shaft 9. The. armature of the clutch 3 is marked27, as in Fig. l, which armature is secured 'to the driving` wheel 7,and is capable ofbeing rotated when the coil of the elnteh 3 7, is.'energied. The. easing -1 in Fig. 2, rnay beheld stationary, or retarded,by thev clutch 16, or may be rotated bythe e ntch 38,-aeting on the diskarmature 32. YThe planetary system shown in Fig'. 2

eomprlses the pinions V39, 40,41, 42, 43,44 and45, of which thefollowing pairs 'are either formed en bloc, or securedl together' so11s-to rotate en bloc, thesepairslare 39 and ,40, 41 and 42,44 and 45,the pinion 43, 1 being keyed, or Yotherwise secured to th'e 100 spindle22. The planetary pinions are sym' metrically arranged. relatively tothedriving shaft, each set being d'iametrically op# posite the other set,as shown in Figs.' 3 and 4. The pinion 39 gears with the driving 105wheel 7, and with the' internullyftoothed ensing 1. Mounted on anintermediate. shaft 49, are two spur wheels 46,47, wliiehgea v xvtlrtheplanetary .p'lnions 40,' 41-the1s`pu1--, ,wheels 46, 47,-being securedto the inte di'ate'shaft 49, so as to .rotate ther'ewfl The pinions 42,gearwith a spur wheel, `seguir-jedto the armature 57, whlelh spar wbeiis rotatably mounted onthe driven shaft 8, Vsurrounding thenQQrmediute'Shaft 4 9, `and the pinions 4 4, gear with the in'ions42.The' armature 57, can becon'tro led bythe' 'cluteh 158. Thepinon wheels39g '40,411,42, and 413, are supported on the spin les 22,and thepinions44 and45are supported .by Spindles 50, carried 111i the disk, or arms23', and? Athe arms 51. e pinions 4 8, 'geni with the spnr wheel '52,vyhlehfisseciwedntatho diska'rmatnre 'f-'ca'blajoi tionary b the clntc56.' Theplliionsgear at al times withthe' interna `111, `toothed casing2, as shown in Figs. 2, 3, und 4. .i arms ordisks 23, 24, formfthe endwalls of cusin having openings-to accommodate' tbe pi ons 39 an 4on'thecasing being provided to support one end of the spindle 50. l'The wheel39 of one 'Set of Wheels 39, 40, 1.1;1, 42, is `removed from the lowerpart of Fig. 2, so as `to more clearlyshow the interna-1 teeth of thecasev Tlieirst 'forwardspeed is obtained by energizing the coils of theclutches 37 and 16, so as to rotate the driving wheel 7, and retard, orvhold stationary the internally toothed casing 1, the drive beingth'eneffected' through thewheels li', 39, internally il toothedcasing 1,thus4 causing therotation of the planetary ywheel frame, 23, 24, andthereby the' hollow driven shaft 8. l The sec ond speed is 'effected hyenergizing the `coil.

i of the. ehitch 38,'=so aiI` to rotate the easing l,

and through 4it .the wheels 351.74() and 42, wliirh latter reactingagainst the i'vlieel 4H, which is held stationary liy the elutelienergized simultaneouslywith the el-utrh `35.41

valises the .planetary` ieel traine to rotate and eonsequentlythe drivenshaft, S.

The third speed is effected liy enel-grilling* i-liilirlieii IlSJ'and5G. so as tofroi'atetlie casing l`anil l'iol'd Stationarv the 'g'earwheel fill, .thus` rotating the wheels 39, and 43, around ,Y theStationary gear wheel 52, and ftliereliv .jrotatingtlie planetary wheeltraine 25,

-a'nd driven shaft 8. The direet'di'ive is ohl,

i therebyA lockingthe easing l', Wheels 35) and toothed ene-ings.

x ieo that the planetary'ivheel'f `aine rotater:

with the `saine .Speed as"the driving shaft.

The reverse'4 drive iS set inaction h v ener-` gizing ,eliitrl'ies 3SVand 12,'so as to rotate the casing 1 `and hold'st'ationary casing 2,the casing, 1, thus causing tlieivheels 32'), to ro tateandtlirriughtliein'the wheels-4G, 47,41, 42, 44, 4.5. ivhieli hitteracting! against the 'fiiiniiig 2. "as an ahutineiit causes the rotationoff the planetarviT givheel 'fiaiiie...a ni`l the driven Shaft 8, in adii'eetion oppiiifitiz to that ol' the illldnihalt l).

Suitable lia-:ll l beariigsniav lie p'rovideil 'For l lrotatalfilefparts, andadditional liaill lh'eaings 'inay also l'i'epijoifidedto take np .all ot'jfth -i'nteifni'illy l. In a variablespeodel'nw Ithe, epicyclic spur wlioel andpii driving nienilierfa drivenmeinliei ii'ijarrie-r rigid `with the driven iiielinlici` nfdV freelySupported with relation to thex'li'iving inei'n-,

5', per', planet. piniona' mounted oii saidjcariier,

ythe. epirvr'lie spur "wheel 4'andi-pin'iontvpi driving nie'inlier, adriven ineinher` a carrier means for drvingsaid planet piniona `fro` thedriving member,` controlling genre ope atively associated ,with therplanetpinio' and electromagnetic ineane forselectivev operating saidcont ypui-poise described.

In a Variable speed changing geaif'of the eijneyiclie spur wheel andpinion tvpe, ya` j rolling gears, for I driving nienilo'er,V a drivenineinl'ie'r. a 'carrier rigid. with the driven nien'ilier fand 'freely'75 siipportedivith relation .to the drivingr ine ber, planet pinionsmounted on saidhearr inean for driving said planet piii'ioi the drivingineniber, internal gear ativelv associated with the planet pini andeleetronurgne'tic ineans for seleeti operating said'internalfgeara, fortlie para,

pose. deSi'i'ilieil. y l y L i i I'hliiVv a variable s'peedelianging'gear ol. the epievelie spur w/lieel and pinion t' v p\ e` drivinginenilier, a'driven nieiiilieri a `jai-rn rigid with thel driveii-nieinlieiand freely", supported with i'elalioii to the driviiigjin'enii-'` her; planet,piiiionsinoiiii'ted on said rari-ier", meanst'or drivingfsaid planet pinioiiyi froin the drivii'ig nionilier.iiitei'nal roiitiolliilti" gears operati rely associated' withi the1p1'- iiigtog'etljier itertainl'ot said internal` trolling-'gears toYetl'ert a' driving' eo'nnerti l lietiveeii the dri vino and dri 'en'inelli'ifilier,

- 4. ln' a variable. s )eed ehan nir nrea i pinions, and ineanay forinerlianicallyfclii i i-V i rigid with thefdi'iv'eiil in'ei'iilier andtri lierfplanet iinions inounted iin Said'cliny ini-ans I'or"i rivingrsaid planet pinions iioin` the drivingr nieinlier. internal vControllingIfears operativel \v aah-inflated with the planet 105 pinions.eoiperatingr interlocking elements on' eeitaiii ol' Awild controllinggears and electroinagnetin means ior morini;` said gears `intointerlocking engagement to etl'ect a, driving eonnertioii lic-tween thedriving '1,10

and driven nieinliers.

'5.,v `In a vai'ialile speed r-:lianging gear of i thnfepii-yelir spurwheel and pinion type, a. Y

' drivingnien'ilier. a driven Vin'einl'ier, a carrier 'iven nieinlierhut freelif i`a lionto tlie driving ineinitid on Vsaid i'ni'i'iei', metLpinionxli to control the rotation'ol' said rar'rier iii'i'i'lth-nn (hespeed of drive through Said carrier ffii 120 the. driven ineinliei.

(i. In a rar'ialile,speed changing gear of. the epieyi-,liif spur wheeland pinion type,

a `drivingr ineinlier` a driven nieinlier, a. carl and freely 125 vHuppored iv-ith relation [eth1- drivingineini'ie'r rigil with the driveu.ii'ienilier lier` planet pinions mounted'onsaidcarrier, 'means fordriving said planet pinions-froin the driving ineinlier, internal gearsof different diameters meshing with the planet 13uk pinioiis andstationary electromagnetic means for selectively operatin said internallgears, for the purpose .descri ed. en

` 7. InA a variable speed changing gear of the epicyeli spur wheel andpinion'type, a drivingmeiber, a driven member, a' carrier rigid with thedriven member and freely suppfn'tedwith relation to the driving meinber,planet pinioiisamounted on said carrier,

meaiisfor driving said planet pinions from the drivingnieiiiben internalgears of different diameters coiicentrieally arranged \vith" rela.tionto the -driving inember, and

Velectroniagiietie means for selectively operating said internal gears,substantially asV described. v

dln a variable speed changing gear of .the epicyclic spur wheel andpinion type, a drivingmember, a driven ii'iember, a carrier ZOrigid withthe driven member aiid'freely supported with relation tothe drivingniembeig, planet piiiioiis mounted on said carrier, means for drivingsaid i ilaiiet"'pi1iions -iroin the driving member, internal gearsoperatively associated witl'i the planet -pinions and stationaryelectroinagnets for selec# tively retardiiig said internal gears, forthe purpose described.

j 9. In a variable Speed changing gear of Blottlfie epicyelic spur Wheeland pinion type, 'a-

driving member, a driven member, a carrier rigid with theidrivenvmember.and: freely supported with rrela-tion to the driving mem# lliver, asingle setI of planet pinions mounted vp a'net pinions from thedrivingmember, in

terna'l gears operatively associated with thearrangedbetween certain ofthe pinions of the planetary system, internal gears operativelyassociated with the planet 'pinions and statioiniry electromagneticmeans for selectively retafdin'g said controlling gears, for the purposedescribed.

11. Iii a variable speed changing gear of the epieyelic spur Wheel andpinion type, a driving member, a. driven member, a carrier rigid with,the driven member and freely supported .with relation tothe-driving-membei', planet pinions mounted on said carrier,

a driviiiggea-r on the driving member and arranged between certain ofthepinions of the planetary system, internal gears and a suiigearoperatively associated with vthe planet A pinions and stationaryelectromag- 'netic means for selectively retarding said nternaland sungears, for the purpose described.

.In testimony whereof I have signed. my

name to 4this specification. in' .the presence of two subscribingwitnesses` Witnesses: i

' W, ANDERSON, Y

R. Bowm.

